5fish
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Here is a planet that seems to match up with ours in many ways...
This potential planet, Proxima Centauri d, is referred to as a “sub-Earth” or a planet substantially less massive than Earth or Venus, by researchers. Since astronomers conventionally wait for independent confirmation before officially introducing new planets into their catalogues, Proxima Centauri d is currently only a “planet candidate.”
www.vox.com
In 1584, Italian friar Giordano Bruno argued that other stars had planets of their own and that those planets had inhabitants. He had no real proof of his claims — they just felt true. But they were heretical enough to get the attention of the Roman Catholic Church. The Inquisition arrested Bruno, put his tongue in a vice, and burned him at the stake.
Then, in 1995, astronomers discovered 51 Pegasi b — a planet orbiting a sun-like star in the Pegasus constellation. Many scientists were skeptical at first; this planet was almost too strange to be believed. Though it was about the size of Jupiter, it was closer to its star than Mercury is to our sun. Most surprisingly, it completed its orbit in just 4 days
A great video about the research for the second earth... its short...
Here a short video about the sub-earth...
www.wired.com
This potential planet, Proxima Centauri d, is referred to as a “sub-Earth” or a planet substantially less massive than Earth or Venus, by researchers. Since astronomers conventionally wait for independent confirmation before officially introducing new planets into their catalogues, Proxima Centauri d is currently only a “planet candidate.”

What we found when we went looking for another Earth
In the last decade, scientists have discovered thousands of exoplanets — and a lot of them are surprisingly weird.
In 1584, Italian friar Giordano Bruno argued that other stars had planets of their own and that those planets had inhabitants. He had no real proof of his claims — they just felt true. But they were heretical enough to get the attention of the Roman Catholic Church. The Inquisition arrested Bruno, put his tongue in a vice, and burned him at the stake.
Then, in 1995, astronomers discovered 51 Pegasi b — a planet orbiting a sun-like star in the Pegasus constellation. Many scientists were skeptical at first; this planet was almost too strange to be believed. Though it was about the size of Jupiter, it was closer to its star than Mercury is to our sun. Most surprisingly, it completed its orbit in just 4 days
A great video about the research for the second earth... its short...
Here a short video about the sub-earth...

Did NASA Find a Second Earth?
An exoplanet expert tells us if Proxima Centauri B could be another Earth.